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Research Article

Development of a Crane Operation Location Optimization System for Prefabricated Bridge Deck Installation Using Relative Coordinate-Based Automatic Search Algorithm

상대좌표계 기반 자동 탐색 알고리즘을 활용한 프리팹 교량 바닥판 설치용 크레인 작업위치 최적화 시스템 개발

Dae Ho Jang1
,
Chang Su Shim2*
장 대호1
,
심 창수2*
1Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Ju University, Chung Ju 08503, Korea
2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
1청주대학교 토목공학과 교수
2중앙대학교 토목공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 203-216
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Abstract

This study presents the development of a Construction Digital Twin (CDT) system designed to optimize crane operations during the installation of prefabricated bridge decks. Building upon the previous CDT framework, the proposed system introduces a relative coordinate system and an automatic search algorithm to overcome the complexity and surveying dependency inherent in conventional absolute coordinate-based methods. The relative coordinate system defines spatial relationships directly with reference to on-site structures, enabling intuitive and efficient setup of construction environments. Implemented using the Unity engine, the CDT system integrates a grid-based optimization module that automatically identifies the optimal crane positions and simulates lifting operations in real time to verify work feasibility and safety. Field applications confirmed that the system significantly reduces crane repositioning frequency and overall operation time, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing construction efficiency. The research contributes a practical and scalable digital twin solution that supports data-driven decision-making and can be readily deployed in actual construction sites without additional surveying processes.

Keywords
relative coordinate system
automatic search
crane optimization
construction digital twin
prefabricated bridge

이 연구는 조립식 교량 바닥판 설치 시 크레인 운영을 최적화하기 위해 설계된 건설 디지털 트윈(CDT) 시스템의 개발을 제시한다. 제안된 시스템은 이전의 CDT 프레임워크를 기반으로 하여 기존의 절대 좌표계 기반 방법에 내재된 복잡성과 측량 의존성을 극복하기 위해 상대 좌표계와 자동 탐색 알고리즘을 도입하였다. 상대 좌표계는 현장 구조물을 참조하여 공간 관계를 직접 정의하여 직관적이고 효율적인 건설 환경 설정을 가능하게 한다. Unity 엔진을 사용하여 구현된 CDT 시스템은 그리드 기반 최적화 모듈을 통합하여 최적의 크레인 위치를 자동으로 식별하고 실시간으로 인양 작업을 시뮬레이션하여 작업 타당성과 안전성을 검증하였다. 현장 적용 결과, 시스템이 크레인 재배치 빈도와 전체 작업 시간을 크게 줄여 건설 효율성을 향상시키는 데 효과적임을 확인하였다. 이 연구는 데이터 기반 의사결정을 지원하고 추가 측량 과정 없이 실제 건설 현장에 쉽게 배포할 수 있는 실용적이고 확장 가능한 디지털 트윈 솔루션에 기여하였다.

키워드
상대좌표계
자동 탐색
크레인 최적화
건설 디지털 트윈
사전제작 교량
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Institute of Bridge and Structural Engineers
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국교량및구조공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Structure Research and Practice
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국교량및구조공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 3
  • No :2
  • Pages :203-216
  • Received Date : 2025-11-18
  • Revised Date : 2026-01-13
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-13
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22725/JSRP.2025.3.2.203
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