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Research Article

Structural Performance Evaluation of a Three-Dimensional Interlocking Self-Standing Retaining Wall Block

입체결합이 가능한 자립식 옹벽블록의 구조성능평가

Min Su Kyung1
,
Jung Jin Kim2
,
Tae Uk Kim3
,
Dong Joo Kim4*
경 민수1
,
김 정진2
,
김 태욱3
,
김 동주4*
1CEO, ESTEC Co., Ltd., Nonsan, Chungnam 32902, Korea
2Department Manager, ESTEC Co., Ltd., Nonsan, Chungnam 32902, Korea
3Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
4Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
1(주)이스텍 대표이사
2(주)이스텍 부장
3한양대학교 건설환경공학과 박사후연구원
4한양대학교 건설환경공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2026. pp. 46-56
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Abstract

In recent years, climate change has led to a significant increase in natural disasters worldwide, including riverbank erosion, coastal dune erosion caused by coastal processes, slope failures, landslides, and embankment collapses. These disasters have resulted in substantial economic losses as well as serious damage to human life and property. However, effective engineering methods for protecting embankments and slopes against floods and landslides have not yet been fully established. Conventional retaining wall blocks and revetment blocks require stable foundations for installation, making them unsuitable for areas where foundations cannot be constructed or are susceptible to failure. Since many disaster-prone areas lack stable foundation conditions, there is an urgent need to develop new construction methods that are compatible with such environments. Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the experimental performance of a self-standing retaining wall block with a three-dimensional interlocking system and to establish a new concept for disaster-resistant retaining structures. Recycled eco-friendly materials were incorporated to achieve a compressive strength at least 10% higher than that of conventional retaining wall blocks. In addition, the pH of the material was reduced and controlled within a neutral to slightly alkaline range (pH 7–8), providing a material composition suitable for the growth of plants and aquatic organisms. Based on the optimized mixture proportion, the cross-sectional configuration of the self-standing retaining wall block was designed to ensure structural stability. The experimental performance of the developed block was evaluated and compared with numerical analysis based on the Concrete Damaged Plasticity (CDP) model.

Keywords
natural disasters
self-standing retaining wall block
eco-friendly materials
cross-sectional design
CDP model analysis

최근 이상기후로 인해 전세계적으로 하천 제방 유실, 해안침식으로 인한 해안 사구의 유실, 도로사면 및 절개지 붕괴, 산사태 등이 잇따라 발생하고 있으며, 국가의 경제가 휘청거릴 만큼 그 피해가 막대해지고 그 발생빈도가 계속적으로 증가하여 이로 인한 인명과 재산의 피해가 심각한 문제로 부각되고 있다. 그러나 홍수, 산사태 등에 대하여 안전하게 제방과 사면을 보호할 수 있는 공법이 확립되지 않아 선진국 조차도 이로 인한 자연재해를 천재지변으로 위로하며 손을 놓고 있는 상황이다. 기존에 사용되고 있는 구조용 옹벽블록이나 호안블록들은 튼튼한 기초를 전제로 하여 시공되므로 기초를 할 수 없는 지역이나 기초가 붕괴되는 경우에는 사용 할 수 없는 공법이 대부분이며, 재난이 발생하는 지역은 아예 기초를 시공할 수 없는 지역이 대부분이므로 기존의 토목공법들을 사용하기 어렵기 때문에 재난 발생지역의 환경특성에 맞는 공법의 개발이 시급한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 입체결합이 가능한 자립식 옹벽블록의 실험적 성능을 평가하여 자연 재해로부터 안전하게 인류의 생명과 재산을 지킬 수 있는 새로운 개념의 공법을 정립해 나아가는데 목적이 있다. 리사이클 친환경재료를 사용하여 기존 옹벽블록대비 10 %이상 증가된 강도확보와 pH(수소이온농도지수) 수치를 중성내지 약알칼리성 범위인 7-8 수준으로 저감 조절함으로써 동식물 생육에 적합한 재료배합을 도출하여, 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 자립식옹벽블록의 단면을 설계하고 실험적 성능을 평가하여 CDP모델의 해석과 비교 분석하였다.

키워드
자연재해
자립식옹벽블록
친환경재료
단면설계
CDP모델해석
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Institute of Bridge and Structural Engineers
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국교량및구조공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Structure Research and Practice
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국교량및구조공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 4
  • No :1
  • Pages :46-56
  • Received Date : 2026-06-08
  • Revised Date : 2026-07-09
  • Accepted Date : 2026-07-13
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22725/JSRP.2026.4.1.46
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